HomeMy WebLinkAboutWilliston Road Study Committee Final Report July 1990 - 07011990 ) WILLISTON ROAD STUDY COMMITTEE
FINAL REPORT
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WILLISTON RD.
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PRESENTED TO 9 SOOTOA1ORLINGToN CITY COUNCIL
'V M tQ r AGENCY OF TRANsPO1 TA'rr i ,
JULY 1990
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WILLISTON ROAD STUDY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
ALBERT (SONNY) AUDETTE -- South Burlington Public Works
Director
WILLIAM L. BURGESS South Burlington Planning
Commission
JAMES C. CONDOS South Burlington City Council
PAUL COOK South Burlington Citizen
WILLIAM O. FISK South Burlington Citizen
JAMES A. GEARS South Burlington Citizen
PETER F. TAYLOR South Burlington Citizen
PAUL THABAULT Williston Road Property Owner
Representative ( Econo Lodge )
WILLIAM WESSEL South Burlington CCTA
Representative
DAVID G. WHITE Williston Road Property Owner
Representative (Vice President
Pomerleau Real Estate)
DANIEL P. WILKINS Assistant Transportation Engineer
CCRPC
Special Thanks is given to the following individuals
who also provided input to the study committee:
Bruce Boyd VAOT design squad leader
Chris Cavin South Burlington Recreation Path
Committee
Catherine Debo General Manager CCTA
David Ross VAOT Traffic and Safety Engineer
Joe Weith South Burlington City Planner
** COMMITTEE REPORTER -- DANIEL P. WILKINS
ASST. TRANSPORTATION ENGINEER -- CCRPC
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i
INTRODUCTION 1
ON SITE IMPROVEMENTS 6
OFF SITE IMPROVEMENTS 11
SECONDARY CONSIDERATIONS 14
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Williston Road Study Committee convened in January
of 1990. The purpose of this committee has been to develop a
comprehensive design scheme for the section of Williston Rd.
from Hinesburg Rd. to Dorset St. , currently scheduled for
reconstruction in 1996 by the Vermont Agency of
Transportation. To accomplish this task, the members of the
committee solicited input from various local, regional, and
state officials. The committee obtained and analyzed various
traffic data and aerial photographs for the corridor being
studied. After careful consideration, and lengthy
discussions, The Williston Road Study Committee presents the
following recommendations :
--Williston Road should be widened to a five lane cross
section, with the fifth lane being a shared left turn lane
located centrally between the two existing through lanes.
--Existing curb cuts along the Williston Rd. corridor should
be consolidated to reduce the number of points of vehicular
conflict. The City of South Burlington should obtain an
engineering study to determine the most feasible method of
accomplishing this.
--Pedestrian access should be maintained and where possible
enhanced. The intersections of Econo Lodge / Williston Rd.
and Hinesburg Rd. / Williston Rd. should have at a minimum
crosswalks, and pedestrian actuated phases for the traffic
signal controllers.
--Significant attention should be given to aesthetics and
landscaping along the corridor. This should include the
burying of all utilities, the planting of trees and shrubs
along the corridor, and traffic signals should be placed on
overhead mast arms, instead of overhead wire cables.
--The following intersections should be widened and/or
realigned to improve the overall intersection level of
service:
1. Hinesburg Rd. / Patchen Rd. / Williston Rd.
2 . Midas Rd. / White St. / Williston Rd.
3 . Mary Street /Williston Rd. / Econo Lodge /Ramada Inn
--All traffic signals along this corridor should be
interconnected to provide for progressive flow through the
corridor.
--A service Road should be considered along the north side
of the businesses on the northern side of Williston Rd.
--Construction of a four way interchange with I-89 either at
Kennedy Drive or at Hinesburg Rd. is necessary to relieve
traffic congestion on Williston Rd.
)
WILLISTON ROAD STUDY COMMITTEE
FINAL REPORT
INTRODUCTION
In December of 1988 , the South Burlington City Council
formed the Williston Road study committee. The purpose of
this committee was to evaluate construction options for the
Williston Road Corridor beginning at the Dorset St. /
Williston Rd. intersection and terminating at the Hinesburg
Rd. / Williston Rd. intersection.
In January of 1990 the Williston Road Study Committee
began holding bi-monthly meetings attended by 7 to 12 people
per meeting. The committee began soliciting input from the
Chittenden County Regional Planning Commission (CCRPC) , and
the Vermont Agency of Transportation (VAOT) . It was learned
that the VAOT wanted the City of South Burlington to devise
a comprehensive design scheme for the Williston Road
corridor. This was to be done prior to the initiation of the
detailed construction design. The committee then decided
their main focus should be to devise a comprehensive design
scheme which could be forwarded to the VAOT.
) Williston Road was widened to 4 lanes in 1958 . Since
that time, South Burlington and surrounding communities have
experienced tremendous growth, which has impacted the area
with many changes and commuting traffic. Traffic volumes on
this section of Williston Rd. are the fourth highest in the
state of Vermont. This is compounded by a large
commercial/retail economy dominated by large motels, a
regional shopping mall, a large neighborhood shopping
center, many fast food restaurants, and movie theaters. Due
to the high volume of traffic, and a large number of left
turns into and out of the aforementioned business
establishments, this area experiences one of the highest
accident frequencies in the state.
The Chittenden County Metropolitan Planning
Organization (CCMPO) after thorough analysis has determined
this section of Williston Road to be the #1 priority in its
Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) . This designation
was based upon safety, congestion, physical condition, and
cost effectiveness of the project. This section of Williston
Rd. received the highest scores in each of the four
categories evaluated, and was clearly the #1 priority when
compared to other projects on the TIP.
This project is currently scheduled for construction in
1996 by the VAOT. It should be noted, however, that the VAOT
construction program will be re-evaluated in 1991 as
mandated by the Vermont State Legislature. The committee
believes that all possible steps should be taken to expedite
the construction schedule of this project.
1
PROBLEM DISCUSSION
Williston Road between Dorset St. and Hinesburg Rd. was
last reconstructed in the years 1956-1958, at which time it
was widened from a two lane cross section to a four lane 48'
undivided highway.
This section of Williston Road has changed very little
in the past 32 years. The only major changes, aside from a
signal installation at White St. , has been to add left turn
lanes at the Dorset St. intersection, and to construct a
short median immediately to the west of the Hinesburg Road
intersection. The fact that the pavement on this section of
Williston Road is in relatively good physical condition, is
a tribute to the Vermont Department of Highways which is now
the Vermont Agency of Transportation (VAOT) .
Although the physical condition of this portion of
Williston Rd. has held up well, the geometric design has
become outdated. This has been caused by traffic growth in
the region, as well as the development of new businesses on
either side of Williston Rd. between Hinesburg Rd. and
Dorset St.
According to The Greater Burlington Urban Area Highway
Plan prepared in 1965 by The Vermont Department of Highways,
the 1962 average daily traffic (ADT) , 5 years after the
widening took place, on Williston Rd. between Hinesburg Rd.
and Dorset St. was between 14 , 300 and 15, 000 vehicles per
day. This corresponds to a current ADT of more than 31, 000
vehicles per day for the same section of roadway. This more
than doubling of traffic volumes, combined with constantly
increasing turning movements caused by intense development
along the corridor has caused this highway to become one of
the most highly used sections of road in the state. The only
locations in the state of Vermont which currently experience
higher traffic volumes are Williston Road immediately to the
west of Dorset St. , Interstate 189 between Exit 13 and U. S.
Rte. 7 , and Interstate 89 between Exits 14 and 15. It is
noteworthy that each of these three roadway links are
located in the City of South Burlington.
Along with the increased traffic volumes, an increase
in accidents has occurred. Vermont Agency of Transportation
accident data files, which list all police reported
accidents which are in excess of 500 dollars property
damage, were investigated for the 1984-1988 time period. It
was reported that over this 5 year time period, 292
accidents resulting in 117 individual injuries occurred. It
is likely that the actual number of accidents is higher, due
to the fact not all accidents which occur are reported.
Further investigation of the accident data shows that 230
accidents were either rear-end collisions or turning
vehicles being sideswiped. This is often an indication of
vehicles stopping unexpectedly or an indication of vehicles
turning
left across opposing lanes of traffic without an adequate
gap between the turning vehicle and the oncoming traffic. A
significant number of the rear end collisions which are
currently occuring on Williston Rd. are caused by vehicles
which are stopped in the inner through lane, waiting to make
a left hand turn to businesses on the opposite side of the
road. This causes the vehicles which are behind the left
turning vehicle to either stop or merge into the outer lane,
both of which can result in a traffic accident.
The Williston Road Study Committee has considered
safety, increasing traffic volume resulting in reduced level
of service, sensitivity to abutting property owners, future
development plans such as the South Burlington City Center,
and future highway construction plans such as the possible
construction of a four-way interchange with Interstate 89 at
Dorset St. or Hinesburg Rd. The following is a discussion of
the various design options and issues which the committee
has considered.
DESIGN OPTIONS DISCUSSION
In order to determine some of the issues, and possible
design options available for the reconstruction of this
roadway corridor, the Williston Road Study Committee
solicited input from various local, regional, and state
sources. The following is a listing of individuals and
organizations with whom the committee has met:
1. David Ross -- VAOT Traffic and safety engineer
2 . Bruce Boyd -- VAOT design squad leader for Williston
Rd. reconstruction project
3 . Catherine Debo -- General Manager CCTA
4 . Chris Cavin -- South Burlington Recreation Path
Committee
5. Joe Weith -- South Burlington City Planner
6. Daniel P. Wilkins -- Assistant Transp. Engr. CCRPC
In addition to the above sources, the committee
obtained and utilized the following data:
1. VAOT 1987 survey maps of the Williston Rd. corridor
2 . CCRPC 1988 turning movement counts for all
commercial driveways between Dorset St. and White St
3 . CCRPC 1986 Aerial Photo of Williston Rd. corridor
from Dorset St. to Hinesburg Rd.
4 . VAOT Route Logs for Williston Rd.
5. VAOT 1983-1988 accident data.
6. CCRPC 1988 ADT count just east of Mary St.
7 . AASHTO 1984 Policy on Geometric Design of Highways
and Streets.
8 . May 1988 South Burlington City Center/ Dorset
St. Corridor Traffic Impact Analysis performed by
JHK & Associates
)
Upon meeting with the above mentioned people, and
taking into consideration the items listed above, the
Williston Road Study Committee considered approximately 15
individual design issues ranging from pedestrian access to
the installation of Jersey Barriers down the center of
Williston Road. These issues were broken into the following
three categories:
1. On site improvements
2 . Off site improvements
3 . Secondary considerations
The following pages give a listing of the issues, and our
impressions and recommendations for probable solutions for
the councils consideration.
ON SITE IMPROVEMENTS
Widen Williston Rd. to a five lane cross section
The committee believes that significant improvement can
be obtained in the areas of traffic safety, and in overall
Level of Service (LOS) by widening Williston Rd. to a five
lane cross section. The fifth lane would be used as a shared
left turn lane, much like the one on Shelburne Road which
begins in front of K-mart, and ends in front of Great
Northern Stereo just to the north of the Holmes Road
intersection. A fifth lane would assist vehicles turning
left from Williston Rd. into businesses or streets on the
opposite side of Williston Rd. by providing a lane the
turning vehicle could occupy while waiting for an adequate
gap in oncoming traffic to make the left turn manuver.
The shared left turn lane would also benefit vehicles
leaving business driveways and attempting to make a left
turn onto Williston Road. Rather than having to cross two
lanes of traffic and find an acceptable gap on the opposite
side of the road, vehicles would now only need to cross the
two lanes of traffic into the shared left turn lane. At this
point, the vehicle could wait until an acceptable vehicle
gap becomes available on the opposite side of the road.
Through traffic would also benefit from a shared left
turn lane because left turning vehicles which currently
cause traffic to stack up on Williston Rd. would now be out
of the through traffic stream, allowing both of the
remaining through lanes to flow more freely.
A shared left turn lane would also actually increase
the accessibility to businesses on both sides of Williston
Rd.
Consolidation of curb cuts
It is the committee's position that the City of South
Burlington pursue the consolidation of curb cuts into well
defined driveways which could be shared by businesses.
Part of the existing problem on Williston Rd. is the
large number of curb cuts which currently access onto
Williston Rd. This combining effort should be undertaken in
cooperation with existing property owners along the
corridor. This would benefit both the traffic situation on
Williston Rd. , and the adjacent businesses. Traffic flow
will benefit because there will be fewer points of vehicular
conflict along the Williston Rd. corridor. Businesses will
benefit by gaining parking spaces in what used to be curb
cut locations, and through engineering studies to improve
the internal traffic flow of the business parking areas.
The end result of such a study should be a master plan
which enhances internal traffic flow among adjacent property
owners and at the same time reduces curb cut locations on
Williston Road.
Pedestrian Access
Pedestrian Access should be maintained and where
possible enhanced. Sidewalks currently exist on both the
north and the south sides of Williston Rd. It is the
committee's position that these sidewalks should be
maintained, and relocated where necessary to enhance
pedestrian accessibility. The committee also believes that
at a minimum, crosswalks should be located at the Hinesburg
Rd. intersection, and the intersection of the current Econo
Lodge driveway with Williston Rd. , which is currently
planned for signalization. Both of these locations should
have pedestrian actuated phases for the traffic signals at
the respective locations. The Hinesburg Rd. intersection may
require additional design consideration to accomodate the
proposed recreation path crossing at this location.
Aesthetics
Significant attention should be given to aesthetics and
landscaping. Currently, the Williston Rd. corridor has spot
landscaping in front of the various business establishments
along the corridor. Many utilities are currently located
above ground on utility poles. Any reconstruction which is
performed should maintain or enhance the aforementioned
landscaping, including the planting of trees and shrubs on
either side of the road. In accordance with South Burlington
City Policy, all utilities should be relocated to below
ground locations. In conjunction with the burying of all
utilities, all traffic signals along the corridor should be
mounted on overhead mast arms, rather than overhead cables.
Intersection Improvements
A. Midas Rd. / Williston Rd. , White St. /Williston Rd.
The Midas Rd. /Williston Rd. and White St. / Williston
Rd. intersections are currently located approximately 50
feet distant from each other. Both intersections are
currently signalized. It is the committee's position that
these two intersections should be realigned so as to create
a single four way intersection controlled by only one
traffic signal.
This will reduce conflicts between turning vehicles caused
by the proximity of the two intersections and adjacent
business access points. This will also improve traffic flow
by aligning White St. to a 90 degree angle with Williston
Rd.
B. Hinesburg Rd. /Patchen Rd. / Williston Rd.
The intersection of Hinesburg Rd. / Williston Rd. and
Patchen Rd. currently needs to be widened. Vehicles
approaching the intersection are currently subjected to
undue delay caused by inadequate lane capacity. Patchen Rd.
is currently served by one approach lane which acts as a
shared through, right turn, left turn lane. Hinesburg Rd. is
currently served by an exclusive left turn lane, and a
shared right-through lane. The Williston Rd. approaches are
each served by a shared right-through lane, and a shared
left-through lane. By separating some or all of the shared
lanes at this intersection, the overall intersection
capacity will be increased, thus reducing the amount of
delay which drivers experience. The JHK Plan sheet which was
prepared in the June 1987 Traffic Systems Management Study
for CCRPC, shows one possible lane configuration for this
intersection. Copies of this plan sheet can be obtained at
CCRPC offices.
C. Mary Street L Williston Rd. L Econo Lodge L Ramada Inn
Mary Street currently accesses Williston Road
approximately 150 feet to the East of the existing Econo
Lodge driveway. Since the existing Econo Lodge / Williston
Rd. intersection is planned to be signalized in the near
future, it is the committee's position that the feasibility
of relocating Mary Street to the approximate location of the
existing Ramada Inn driveway opposite the Econo Lodge be
studied. A relocation of this type would require property
acquisition, and negotiation with the Ramada Inn
representatives. It is possible this relocation could be
accomplished with minimal or no inconvenience to the Ramada,
because the Ramada could then access from Mary Street with a
minimal alteration of existing traffic flow. This concept
will become more critical should Mary Street be opened to
Corporate Way and the proposed city center, as traffic
volumes may then be high enough at the existing Mary Street
location to warrant a traffic signal.
Should the City of South Burlington decide not to open
Mary Street as a connector road from the proposed South
Burlington City Center to Williston Road, the City may wish
to consider closing the Mary Street access to Williston Rd. ,
and instead access it to Corporate Way.
Signalization
Currently, the Hinesburg Rd. , White St. , Midas Rd. , and
Dorset St. traffic signals operate independantly of one
another. A signal is also in the planning phases for the
Econo Lodge/Ramada Inn intersection with Williston Rd. It is
the committee's position that these signals should be
upgraded and interconnected so as to provide for progressive
flow from intersection to intersection, thus reducing
traffic congestion along the Williston Road corridor.
Use of Jersey Barriers
Jersey barriers have the benefit of providing an
insurmmountable divider between opposing traffic flows,
without occupying large amounts of space. One example of a
Jersey Barrier is located on Interstate 89 in Bolton between
the northbound and southbound lanes. However, the negative
aspects of using a Jersey Barrier, such as the prohibition
of left turns, maintenance difficulties, and the associated
negative aesthetic impacts outweigh the positive impacts.
For this reason, the Williston Road Study Committee
recommends that Jersey Barriers not be used as an element of
this reconstruction project.
1
OFF SITE IMPROVEMENTS
Construction of four-way interchange with I-89
Over the past five years, discussions have been
initiated to study the impacts of a four way I-89
interchange at the grade separated intersections of either
Kennedy Drive, or Hinesburg Rd. Construction of such an
interchange would tend to relieve congestion along the
Williston Rd. corridor because vehicles in the western
portion of South Burlington which currently access the
interstate via exit 14 would then divert down Hinesburg
Road. These vehicles could then access the interchange which
would be located either on Hinesburg Rd. or on Kennedy Dr.
By travelling down Hinesburg Rd. , many of the vehicles which
now travel west on Williston Road to access I-89 southbound
would be diverted to Hinesburg Rd.
Complete the construction of Corporate Way
Currently, vehicles travelling along Hinesburg Rd. are
forced to drive along Williston Rd. or Kennedy Drive in
order to access Dorset St. and the University Mall. This
situation causes increased congestion along both of these
roadways which in turn causes increased vehicular delay. By
completing the construction of Corporate Way, a third link
between Hinesburg Road and Dorset St. will be created. This
will in turn help to relieve congestion along both Williston
Rd. and Kennedy Drive.
I
SECONDARY CONSIDERATIONS
Along with the preceding issues, the following is a
listing of considerations which the Williston Rd. Study
Committee felt needed mention, but were not critical to the
successful reconstruction of Williston Rd.
Use of medians
Often times when undertaking a highway reconstruction
project for the purpose of improving operating level of
service to through traffic, the installation of a median is
considered. By installing a median, opposing lanes of
traffic are separated, and a green area is created in the
middle of what would otherwise be a continuous layer of
asphalt. One example of a median such as this is the one on
Rte. 15 in Essex which extends from the Lime Kiln Rd.
intersection to the West St. intersection. In order for
vehicles to make a left turn when medians of this type are
constructed, median breaks need to be placed at strategic
locations along the roadway corridor. Another method is to
allow vehicles to access the opposite side of the road by
constructing jug handles at either end of the divided
section. This allows vehicles to turn around and head in the
opposite direction. By turning these vehicles around, what
would have been a left turn now becomes a right turn which
is much less disruptive to traffic flow.
Although this strategy does improve Level of Service,
it also restricts motorists from making left turns at all
locations along a highway segment. This fact combined with
the density of development which currently exists along this
portion of Williston Rd. tends to discourage the use of a
median at this location. Medians also have the disadvantage
of being more difficult to maintain, especially during
snowplowing activity in the winter months.
It is understood that it may be necessary to use small
sections of median at strategic locations in order to
organize traffic flow.
Service Roads
The City of South Burlington may wish, as a portion of
this project, to consider the construction of a service road
along the north side of the businesses on the north side of
Williston Rd. The existing Econo Lodge driveway is
undergoing design plans for a traffic signal installation,
and could be upgraded to city specifications to serve as the
Westerly access point onto Williston Rd. for such a roadway.
The Easterly portion of the service road could access onto
Patchen Rd. adjacent to the south side of J. C. Park. It
should be noted that J.C. Park is currently an important
community resource, and should remain as such. Any roadway
construction project which may be undertaken in this area
should be extremely sensitive to this consideration, and the
residential units in the near vacinity of J.C. Park. Should
the city decide that this is a viable concept, steps should
be taken to make this service road a part of the city plan
in order to ensure that no development occurs on the planned
roadway alignment.
The committee also evaluated traffic flow along the
front of the businesses located to the north of Williston
Rd. It was noted that the parking lots located between
Burger King and Hair Cuts For Less currently act as an
effective service road. It is the committee's position that
existing traffic flow in this area be maintained, and where
possible enhanced. Particular attention should be given to
the existing access point onto White St. near Hair Cuts For
Less. It may be necessary to move this access point further
north, due to its proximity to the White St. / Williston Rd.
intersection.
The feasibility of constructing a service road along
the south side of the businesses located to the south of
Williston Rd. should also be considered. This would provide
access to the various businesses along the south side of
Williston Rd. and would allow for the further elimination of
curb cuts on Williston Road because motorists would then be
able to access business establishments via the service road.
A road of this type is shown in illustration plan B of the
City Center report, also included as appendix A of this
report.
Thoroughly evaluate future development proposals
Any new development proposals which are likely to
impact traffic conditions along Williston Road should be
thoroughly evaluated. The purpose of this evaluation would
be to determine what, if any, traffic mitigation measures
the developer should be required to fund in order to prevent
congestion from becoming worse along the Williston Rd.
corridor. Such measures might include roadway improvements
such as turning lanes at intersections. Other traffic
mitigation measures could include funding of mass transit
such as satelite bus service to and from business
establishments along the Williston Rd. corridor, or the
funding of Transportation Management Organizations which
bring members of the public and private sectors together to
address transportation issues for a specific roadway
corridor. Another possible traffic remediation measure could
be the construction of park and ride facilities.
Regional Impact on Williston Road
Much of the tremendous increase in traffic along this
section of Williston road is undoubtedly due to its use as a
regional arterial road. Growth in surrounding communities
contributes significantly to congestion and associated
problems along Williston Road. It is outside the scope of
this committee's charge to address this issue, however, the
City Council may wish to initiate discussions on a regional
basis regarding this. Perhaps some form of regional impact
fee system or some other mechanism could be developed
(perhaps through Act 250 reviews) so that major projects in
other communities could help pay for road improvements in
South Burlington when those projects will impact on South
Burlington roads.
Future Study of Williston Rd. to the East of Hinesburg
Rd.
The City of South Burlington should consider initiating
a study, possibly through the regional planning commission,
which would analyze traffic issues both current and future
which relate to Williston Road to the east of the Hinesburg
Rd. intersection.
APP END IX
I
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