HomeMy WebLinkAboutSD-23-08 - Supplemental - 1170 1180 Dorset Street (16)
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Consulting Engineers, Inc.
Wheeler Parcel & Park Road Commons
Residential Developments
Traffic Impact Assessment
Park Road
South Burlington, VT
November 13, 2020
rev. January 24, 2022
Project Introduction
This updated TIA examines the cumulative traffic impacts of two proposed developments:
C A 32-unit residential development located in the southwest corner of the Wheeler Parcel (northeast
corner of the intersection of Dorset St and Park Rd. Access will be via a looped roadway accessing
onto Park Road. The proposed residential units will include 10 single-family units and 22 duplex units.
C A 14-unit residential development (Park Road Commons) located in the southeast corner of the
intersection of Dorset St and Park Rd. Access will be via two cul-de-sacs accessing onto Park Rd. The
westerly cul-de-sac will line up directly across the Wheeler Parcel’s westerly access. The easterly cul-
de-sac will be located to the east, between the Wheeler Parcel’s looped roadway.
Both developments also include new sidewalks and shared use path connections linking with existing
nearby shared use paths.
Additionally, the trip generation of both developments has been updated using the 11th Edition of ITE’s Trip
Generation.
For purposes of this traffic impact assessment (TIA), it is anticipated that construction of both
developments will commence in 2022. The following sections present the results of our analyses of traffic
congestion and safety conditions in the immediate vicinity of the two developments.
Background Traffic Volumes
Background traffic volumes at the Dorset Street / Park Road intersection were obtained from a pm peak
period turning movement count performed by this office at the Dorset Street/Park Road intersection on
Thursday, November 5, 2020. A copy of the count results is attached in Appendix A.
The observed peak hour volumes from the above turning movement count require two adjustments.
The first is the usual DHV adjustment. For this, we used hourly data from VTrans Continuous Count Station
(CTC) D277 located on Shelburne Road just north of Shelburne village. Comparing the afternoon peak hour
volume on the first Thursday in November 2019 to the design hour volume (DHV) for 2019 yielded a DHV
adjustment factor of +14% (1.14).
The second adjustment is to account for the effect of the COVID pandemic on traffic volumes. As this
report is being written, the available data from CTC D277 extends to mid-October. Comparing the
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afternoon peak hour volume on Thursday, October 15, 2020 to the same volume on Thursday, October 17,
2019 yielded a second adjustment factor of +7% (1.07).
Combining those two adjustment factors yields an overall DHV adjustment factor of +22% (1.22).
Background traffic growth rates were obtained from VTrans’ Red Book.1 VTrans’ most recent estimates of
traffic growth on Vermont’s highways predict a 0.5% growth rate from 2020 to 2022 and a 3% growth rate
from 2020 to 2027. For the purposes of this updated TIA, the previous growth rates of 1% and 3%,
respectively, have been retained.
With am peak hour volumes being less than pm peak hour volumes at both intersections, this traffic impact
assessment (TIA) only examines traffic congestion conditions during the latter time period.
Figure 1 presents the estimated 2022 and 2027 background (no-build) design hour turning movement
volumes in the vicinity of the two developments.
Figure 1 - No-Build DHV’s
2022 2027
Dorset St Dorset St
437 39 446 40
30 Park
Rd
30 Park
Rd 2 3
293 4 299 4
Dorset St Dorset St
Project-Generated Trips
Anticipated peak hour trips for each development were calculated using trip generation rates2 for single
family dwellings (ITE Land Use Categories #210 and 215). Table 1 summarizes the resulting peak hour trip
generation estimates.
Table 1 - Weekday Trip Generation
Development
Average
Weekday
(vte/day)
AM Peak Hour (vte/hr) PM Peak Hour (vte/hr)
Enter Exit Total Enter Exit Total
Wheeler Parcel
10 single-family detached
22 single-family attached
121
158
279
2
3
5
7
8
15
9
11
20
7
7
14
4
6
10
11
13
24
Park Road Commons
14 single-family attached 101 2 5 7 5 3 8
1 Continuous Traffic Counter Report Based on 2020 Traffic Data, Vermont Agency of Transportation, May 2021
2 Trip Generation, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 11th Edition
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The directional distributions of the above pm peak hour development-generated trips are estimated to be
85% to/from the north and 15% to/from the south. This is based on pm peak hour directional patterns
observed entering and exiting the east approach of Swift St at its intersection with Dorset St during a June
2016 turning movement count performed by VTrans. Figure 2 presents the estimated pm peak hour trip
directional distributions for both developments (combined).
Figure 2 - Estimated Development PM Peak Hour Trips
Dorset St
0 16
11 Park
Rd 2
0 3
Dorset St
Combining the development-generated trips with the no-build volumes provides the 2022 and 2027 Build
DHV turning movements shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 - Build DHV’s
2022 2027
Dorset St Dorset St
437 55 446 56
41 Park
Rd
41 Park
Rd 4 5
293 7 299 7
Dorset St Dorset St
Traffic Congestion
Levels of service (LOS) at intersections are determined by the average control delay; measured in seconds
per vehicle. The methodology for analyzing LOS is established by the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM)3.
Table 2 summarizes the LOS/delay criteria for unsignalized intersections.
Table 2 - Unsignalized Intersection Level of Service/Delay Criteria
LOS
Avg. Delay
(sec/veh) LOS
Avg. Delay
(sec/veh)
A
B
C
≤10
≤15
≤25
D
E
F
≤35
≤50
>50
3 Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board, 6th Edition
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In Vermont, LOS C represents the desired design standard for roadways and signalized intersections.4 At
two-way stop controlled (unsignalized) intersections having greater than 100 vph approach volume on a
single-lane side street approach or greater than 150 vph approach volume on a two-lane side street
approach, the VTrans level of service policy establishes LOS D as the desired design standard on the minor
street approach(s). There is no level of service standard for unsignalized intersections not meeting the
above side street volume thresholds. Reduced levels of service are acceptable in densely settled areas
where volume/capacity ratios remain below 1.0 and/or the improvements required to achieve LOS C would
create adverse environmental and cultural impacts. Transportation demand management (TDM) strategies
can also be used to help mitigate levels of service not meeting the foregoing standards.
While the Dorset St/Park Rd intersection does not meet the above approach volume thresholds for
unsignalized intersections, intersection capacity analyses were nonetheless performed for the purpose of
this TIA. All analyses were performed using Highway Capacity Software v.2010. The impact on future levels
of service and average delays which will result from both developments was analyzed by performing both
no-build and build analyses, and comparing the results of the two. All analyses were performed using
existing geometric conditions. The results are presented in Table 3. Detailed analysis worksheets are also
attached in Appendix B.
Table 3 - Dorset St / Park Rd Levels of Service
Approach & Lane Group
No-Build Build
LOS Delay V/C LOS Delay V/C
2022 DHV
Park Rd WB LT-RT
Dorset St SB LT
B
A
10.4
7.9
0.05
0.03
B
A
10.8
8.0
0.07
0.04
2027 DHV
Park Rd WB LT-RT
Dorset St SB LT
B
A
10.7
7.9
0.05
0.03
B
A
11.0
8.0
0.07
0.04
The above results indicate that the Dorset St / Park Rd intersection will continue to experience low delays
and good levels of service with these two developments.
Safety
The posted speed limits on Dorset St and Park Rd in the vicinity of both developments are 40 mph and 25
mph, respectively. Both streets provide one travel lane in each direction and have parallel shared-use
paths for use by pedestrians and bicyclists.
Existing traffic patterns entering and exiting Park Rd are overwhelmingly directional to and from the north
due to Park Rd being a loop street also connecting with Dorset St to the south via Old Cross Rd. A
southbound left-turn lane presently exists on Dorset St serving the left-turn movement onto Park Rd. This
exclusive left-turn lane reduces conflicts between southbound left-turns and through movements, thereby
improving safety conditions for southbound traffic on Dorset St.
4 Vermont Agency of Transportation Highway Design “Level of Service” Policy, May 31, 2007
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Both new intersections of the Wheeler Parcel’s new roadway onto Park Rd will have intersection sight
distances exceeding the recommended 280 ft for the 25 mph posted speed limit. This sight distance also
provides the recommended safe stopping sight distance for vehicles exceeding the speed limit by as much
as 10 mph.5 Park Road Commons’ roadways will also have greater than 280 ft of sight distances.
VTrans identifies high crash intersections and high crash segments on major highways and urban streets
based on their five-year crash history. The most recent high crash report6 identifies the Dorset St/Kennedy
Dr/I-189 intersection, located 1 mile north of the two developments, as a high crash location. This
intersection experienced 40 crashes over the 2012-2016 five-year period. Of those, 39 were property
damage only crashes. There was one injury resulting in the remaining crash. During the 2014-2018 five-
year period, the number of crashes dropped to 38; all of them being property damage only crashes.
The large majority of the above crashes are same direction rear-end and sideswipe crashes. There are not
any obvious geometric deficiencies at this intersection or on its approaches. It also operates under traffic
signal control using split (exclusive) signal phases for each of its approaches; thus minimizing vehicular
conflicts. Crosswalks, pedestrian signals and street lighting also exist.
Multi-Modal Facilities
Both developments will be served by existing shared-use paths extending north and south on the east side
of Dorset St and to the east on the north side of Park Rd.
Wheeler Parcel - In the Wheeler Parcel development, a new sidewalk will be constructed paralleling the
new roadway. A new cross-country shared-use path connection will also be constructed from the
approximate northerly apex of that roadway to the existing shared-use path on the east side of Dorset St.
Park Road Commons - This development will construct new sidewalks along Private Road “B” and along the
south side of Park Road between Private Roads “A” and “B” together with a new crosswalk on Park Rd to
link with the existing shared-use path on its north side. It will also construct a new walking path from the
cul-de-sac of Private Road “A” to the existing shared-use path on the east side of Dorset St.
The closest local transit service is Green Mountain Transit’s Purple Line serving Dorset St from Kennedy
Drive north.
Transportation Impact Fees
Both developments will be responsible for paying both local and state transportation impact fees. The
estimated impact fees for each are outlined below:
At the City level, the Road Improvement Impact Fee is set at $924 per pm peak hour trip end for single
family dwellings constructed in 2021. The Road Improvement Impact Fee is used to pay costs associated
with the following local road improvement projects:
C Hinesburg Road/Van Sicklen Road Intersection Improvements
5 The safe stopping sight distance for a vehicle traveling at 35 mph on a flat grade is 250 ft. That increases to 275 ft
on a 6% downgrade.
6 2012-2016 High Crash Location Report, Vermont Agency of Transportation, August 2017
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C Williston Road Reconstruction
C Airport Drive Extension
C Airport Parkway/Ethan Allen Road Intersection Improvements
C Tilley to Community Drive Connector
C City Center Road Network
The cost of this impact fee for each development is estimated to be:
C Wheeler Parcel: $22,176
C Park Road Commons: $7,392
The City also assesses a Recreation Impact Fee of $1,665 per unit, the majority of which is designated for
constructing recreation paths and bicycle lanes. The cost of this impact fee for each development is
estimated to be:
C Wheeler Parcel: $53,280
C Park Road Commons: $23,310
At the State level, both developments will also be assessed an Act 145 Transportation Impact Fee. The only
state highway improvement project located within a 3-mile travel distance is the Champlain Parkway in
Burlington. The Champlain Parkway has an impact fee of $2,069 per pm peak hour vehicle trip end. Both
developments are eligible for a 15% adjustment in that impact fee due to their new sidewalk and shared-
use path connections, reducing the impact fee to $1,759 per pm peak hour vehicle trip end. The cost of this
impact fee for each development is estimated to be:
C Wheeler Parcel: $3,518
C Park Road Commons: $1,759
Calculations of the development-generated trips using the Champlain Parkway are enclosed as Appendix C.
Conclusions
From the foregoing analyses, we have formed the following conclusions regarding the potential traffic
congestion and safety impacts of these two developments:
C Intersection capacity analyses at the Dorset St/Park Rd intersection indicate that acceptable levels of
service will be maintained with both developments.
C The relatively small volume of additional traffic resulting from both will not create unsafe traffic
conditions.
C Payment of state and local transportation-related impact fees will mitigate their impact on future off-
site traffic conditions on the adjacent highway network.