HomeMy WebLinkAboutAgenda 05_835 Hinesburg Rd_Atty LtrsAugust 30, 2021
E-MAIL AND MAIL
South Burlington City Council
180 Market Street
South Burlington, VT 05403
Re: Proposed Planning Commission Revisions to LDRs
Dear Commission Members:
This Firm represents 835 Hinesburg Road, LLC, and its principals, Jeff Davis and Jeff
Nick, in connection with the lands known as the Hill Farm located on Hinesburg Road (the
“Property”). Our clients are frustrated and disappointed at direction taken by the Planning
Commission for the rezoning of their Property – a direction which is the complete opposite of what
has been discussed and planned over the years.
Our clients purchased the Property over 20 years ago. They bought it for development
potential as it was located immediately next to I-89, fronted on VT Highway Rte. 116, and was on
the route of the long planned Swift Street Extension. In addition, significant development had
occurred (and continues to occur) on all 4 sides of the property. Our clients carefully watched
development patterns in the area and awaited the fate of the long discussed Exit 12B (right on the
property). They met frequently with South Burlington City officials and were repeatedly assured
that South Burlington regarded this land as a high growth area. Their intent was to develop the
property in a manner consistent with the above activity. Over the years they have spent millions
of dollars acquiring and maintaining the property and paying the taxes.
In 2015, our clients began working with the Planning Commission on a conceptual design
and rezoning of the Property to promote the development of the Property in a manner consistent
with the surrounding residential and mixed uses and the east-west Swift Street connector. While
the City of South Burlington has previously zoned Hill Farm for industrial uses, both the City and
my clients thought that the City should rezone the property for a number of reasons. First, the
2016 Official Map designates this Property as the location for the Swift Street extension – a long
awaited east-west connection from the residential uses on Dorset Street to Hinesburg Road.
Second, the Property is adjacent to lands that have been developed for residential and mixed uses.
Third, the Chittenden Regional Planning Commission (“CCRPC”) designated the Hill Farm as an
“Enterprise Zone” which is an area planned for “a future concentration of employment uses that
Matthew B. Byrne
Shareholder
mbyrne@gravelshea.com
A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
76 St. Paul Street
P.O. Box 369
Burlington, Vermont 05402-0369
Telephone 802.658.0220
Facsimile 802.658-1456
www.gravelshea.com
South Burlington City Council August 30, 2021
Page 2
attract workers from the County and multi-county region.” 2018 CCRPC Regional Plan at Map
2; Supplement 3 at 6. As a result, the exclusive development of the Property for industrial uses no
longer appeared to be in the best interest of the land planning and zoning goals for the City or the
CCRPC.
As part of this process to change the zoning, our clients presented schematic designs and
layouts for the Property to the Planning Commission, and the Planning Commission led our clients
to believe that they would work, in good faith, on a zoning change that would promote the mixed-
use development plan reflected in the schematic designs. The Planning Commission “Members
liked the concept.” See Planning Commission Minutes, March 24, 2015, Item 6. The Planning
Commission went so far as to hire a consultant to develop the framework for the zoning change.
Our clients met with the consultant on more than one occasion to work on crafting new regulations.
Encouraged by these efforts and wanting to work with the City in a fair and responsible manner,
our clients specifically refrained from pursuing any industrial development on the Property during
this time period.
The Planning Commission’s work on this zoning change came to a halt when the City
adopted Interim Bylaws on November 13, 2018, as extended November 2, 2020. The Interim
Bylaws halted all progress on the collaborative work towards a zoning change to promote the
mixed use development of the Hill Farm. In its place, the Planning Commission has been pursuing
new regulations in an effort by private interests to take unconstitutionally a significant portion of
the Property. Their efforts appear to be specifically focused on the Hill Farm. There is no
legitimate public interest of the City as a whole to support this unconstitutional taking orchestrated
by these individual interests.
Our clients have a long history of working cooperatively with the City and other
municipalities where they work. They strongly believe that a collaborative process is in the best
interests of all parties, for both the short-term and long-term. And while they are not opposed to
reasonable and narrowly tailored conservation areas in connection with a comprehensive zoning
change that would promote the mixed use development of the Property consistent with their
schematic designs, they are unwilling to consider those issues in a vacuum or in a piecemeal
fashion.
At this point in time, the Planning Commission’s sole focus appears to be on the
conservation of large portions of the Property (now approximately 40 acres), and not on the
creation of a new regulations to promote the mixed use development of this Property. Because the
Planning Commission has not been willing to broaden its focus to work on a comprehensive zoning
change promoting mixed use, our clients feel that they have no choice other than to immediately
file an application for the full development of the Property for industrial uses under the current
gravel &
shea ATTORNEYS AT LAW
South Burlington City Council August 30, 2021
Page 3
regulations. That, obviously, is not their first choice, but the Planning Commission has not
provided them with any other.
Very truly yours,
Gravel & Shea PC
Matthew B. Byrne
MBBdbb
South Burlington Planning Commission (e-mail)
South Burlington Development Review Board (e-mail)
cc:
November 2, 2021
South Burlington Planning Commission
1800 Market Street
South Burlington, VT 05403
South Burlington City Council
1800 Market Street
South Burlington, VT 05403
Re: Proposed Amendments to South Burlington Land Development Regulations
Dear Commissioners and Council Members:
We write in opposition to some of the proposed amendments to South Burlington Land
Development Regulations. We have previously written about our concerns in our earlier letter.
We object to the proposed amendments because: (1) they are not faithful to the statutory definition
of “Forest block,” (2) they represent inappropriate reverse spot zoning, and (3) they are an
unconstitutional taking.
First, we have reviewed the proposed regulations and have concluded that they do not
properly implement state law. In particular, the concept of “Forest block” in the state statute means
something different from the “Habitat block” that South Burlington has adopted.1 The state statute
developed as an attempt to balance development with protection of “large areas of contiguous
forest.” See 2014 Act 188 S 1(2); see also 24 V.S.A. § 4303(34) (defining “forest block” as “a
contiguous area of forest . . . ). South Burlington’s own consultant, Arrowwood Environmental,
concluded that “South Burlington does not contain large areas of continuous forest cover.”
Arrowwood Environmental, LLC, “City of South Burlington Habitat Block Assessment &
Ranking 2020,” (“Arrowwood 2020”) at 1. The consultant’s report also notes the “Habitat blocks”
in South Burlington “are likely too small by themselves to support breeding populations of wide
ranging wildlife species such as bobcat and fisher.” Arrowwood 2020 at 13.
To make up for the obvious disconnect with the statute, South Burlington simply
designated certain areas as “Habitat blocks” without reference to an intrinsic qualities associated
with the land. Definition of “Habitat block” in LDRs. The City of South Burlington purported to
1 As you know, “Forest Block” is defined in 24 V.S.A. § 4303(34). The related concepts
of “Forest fragmentation,” “Habitat connector,” and “Recreational trail” are defined in 24 V.S.A.
§ 4303(35), (36) & (37). The concept of “Habitat block” is found throughout the amendments,
including the definition of “Habitat block” and Section 12.04 and 12.05.
Matthew B. Byrne
Shareholder
mbyrne@gravelshea.com
A PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION
76 St. Paul Street
P.O. Box 369
Burlington, Vermont 05402-0369
Telephone 802.658.0220
Facsimile 802.658-1456
www.gravelshea.com
South Burlington Planning Commission November 2, 2021
South Burlington City Council Page 2
use Arrowwood’s analysis, but Arrowwood’s analysis simply used a relative ranking system rather
than any analysis of whether the land in question was a forest block. Arrowwood at 1. Moreover,
Arrowwood’s own definition of “Habitat Block” did not look at whether there was any forest, but
whether the size of the lot could potentially support certain wide ranging species. Id. Arrowwood
has acknowledged that they did not walk the land to see what the conditions were on the land and
whether there were any species present. In other words, the chief criteria to being designated a
“Habitat block” is the size of the parcel, not any intrinsic values of the land itself. The proposed
South Burlington regulations use the concept of “Habitat block” to block development without
regard to whether there are any real forest blocks to protect. South Burlington’s use of “Habitat
blocks” is an attempt to protect land that is already fragmented from the natural world -- not “large
areas of contiguous forest.”
In the case of my client’s piece of land, South Burlington’s attempt to describe areas of
their property as a forest block or habitat block is misguided. One of the chief aims of the state
statute is to maintain connections between forest blocks. 2015 Act 171 § 14. The idea is to allow
species to move between various forest blocks. Here, no one should want species to move north
of my client’s property. Interstate 89 sits just north of the property. In addition, there are no forest
blocks on the property on the other side of Interstate 89. In fact, the Airport sits to the north.
Encouraging species to move toward the Interstate and the property north of Interstate 89 puts
them in danger of collisions with cars and trucks. It runs contrary to the purposes of the legislation
adding the forest blocks. Moreover, animals tend to avoid areas near already existing development.
Moreover, the quality of the “Habitat block” on my client’s land is low. Arrowwood’s own
conclusions about the area prove this point. Arrowwood gave this habitat block the lowest score,
a “1,” on whether the area was forested. It also gave low marks for whether there was surface
water, whether it was a wetland, and whether there was “supporting habitat.” There appears to be
no analysis of whether there are any animals that actually live on my client’s land, let alone the
type of animal the “Habitat blocks” are designed to promote. Any points that Arrowwood gives
the land seem again to be based on the size of the parcel.
On a regional or state-wide basis, preventing my client from developing its land will have
adverse effects on real forest blocks. As Arrowwood notes, “South Burlington is one of the most
populous cities in Vermont. . . .” Arrowwood at 1. South Burlington made its decisions about
whether it would support forest blocks a long time ago. It choose to have economic development.
The maps from regional and town planners reflect these facts. Map 1 from the Chittenden County
Regional Planning Commission labels the area as an employment zone with sewer service. Map
2 related to future land use gives the land an “Enterprise Designation.” The City’s Comprehensive
Plan Map 11 labels the area as medium to high density and principally non-residential.
The result of South Burlington’s land use decisions is that South Burlington is one of the
wealthiest cities in Vermont. Given that its land has already been set aside for economic
development, it makes sense that the land be used as efficiently as possible. Allowing development
to occur in South Burlington will take development pressure off of towns further away from the
gravel &
shea ATTORNEYS AT LAW
November 2, 2021
Page 3
South Burlington Planning Commission
South Burlington City Council
central economic center of Vermont - Chittenden County. My client would like to work with the
City to employ smart growth principles to meet the City’s need to promote development and
protect the environment.
Vermont is under a severe housing shortage. It also lacks land to be used for job creation
and industrial use. If one is truly concerned about maintaining Vermont’s real forest block, the
best place to put that type of development is near where it already exists in South Burlington.
Second, my client’s land is currently zoned “Industrial/Open Space.” The proposed
amendments to South Burlington’s Land Development Regulations create an entirely new zoning
district for my client’s property. See proposed Zoning map. This zoning change uniquely
discriminates against my client’s property. Moreover, the land surrounding it was designated
“Industrial/Open Space.” My client’s property is the only substantial piece of property that has
been removed from that designation. As such, the City’s re-designation of the property constitutes
illegal reverse spot zoning. In re Appeal of Realan Valley Forge Greenes Assocs., 576 Pa. 115
(1999).
Third, the new Section 12.04 simply bars development in and around Habitat blocks.
Section 12.04(F) states, “all lands within a Habitat Block must be left in an undisturbed, naturally
vegetated condition.” Moreover, Section 12.05 expands the area in which the City of South
Burlington is barring development. City of South Burlington is destroying all economic value of
the land designated as a “Habitat block” or “Habitat Block connector.” The City’s actions are just
a taking.
Fortunately, the City has already assigned a value to the taking. In its Natural Capital
Valuation of Interim Zoning Open Space Parcels, the City’s consultant, Earth Economics assigned
my client’s property a high estimate value of the property of $16,346,000. If the City is serious
about blocking development on my client’s property, it should pay what it says the property is
worth.
Very truly yours,
G ravel & Shea
■yyAfAGd.
Matthew B. Byrne
MBBdbb
Paul Conner, Director of Planning & Zoning (e-mail)
Jessie Baker, City Manager (e-mail)
cc: